Incumbent (?), a. [L. incumbens, -entis, p. pr. of incumbere to lie down upon, press upon; pref. in- in, on + cumbere (in comp.); akin to cubare to lie down. See Incubate.]
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1. Lying; resting; reclining; recumbent; superimposed; superincumbent.
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Two incumbent figures, gracefully leaning upon it. Sir H. Wotton.
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To move the incumbent load they try. Addison.
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2. Lying, resting, or imposed, as a duty or obligation; obligatory; always with on or upon.
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All men, truly zealous, will perform those good works that are incumbent on all Christians. Sprat.
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3. (Bot.) Leaning or resting; -- said of anthers when lying on the inner side of the filament, or of cotyledons when the radicle lies against the back of one of them. Gray.
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4. (Zoöl.) Bent downwards so that the ends touch, or rest on, something else; as, the incumbent toe of a bird.
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