Axle box (&unr_;). 1. A bushing in the hub of a wheel, through which the axle passes.
[1913 Webster]

2. The journal box of a rotating axle, especially a railway axle.
[1913 Webster]

&hand_; In railway construction, the axle guard, or pedestal, with the superincumbent weight, rests on the top of the box (usually with a spring intervening), and holds it in place by flanges. The box rests upon the journal bearing and key, which intervene between the inner top of the box and the axle.
[1913 Webster]